304 he kowiri tira te kakahu paipa korekore he mea tino noa, he maha nga take mo tenei ahuatanga he ahua-ahua-matū me te miihini, ko te nuinga o te kakahu abrasive, te kakahu piri (whakapiri), te kakahu ngenge (pitting) te waikura me te kakahu.

304 kowiri tira putorino tuitui me te kakahu tata katoa taonga i te hononga, engari i raro i ngā tikanga rerekē o te kakahu tikanga, i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapai ake i te kakahu ātete o te āhuatanga rauemi he whakaritenga rerekē.I te mea he rereke nga ahuatanga o te waku me nga tikanga whakamatautau, ko te taupae kakahu e waatea ana e tohuhia ana e te whakamahi, te whakakakahu ranei i te miihini whakamatautau i whakamatauhia i raro i nga tikanga kua tohua te whakahekenga o te rauemi ine (g / cm2), ko tona hurihanga ranei, e kii ana te kakahu waku me te mau i te whakamatautau inenga.

Ahumahi paninga maihao maihao peita ki te mahi miihini o te aukati waku.Ko te tino whakaatu i te pakeke, te piri me te whakakotahitanga o te paanga o te paninga.I raro i te taua tikanga, pai ātete abrasion o te rauemi whakarewa, no te mea he pānga viscoelastic, e te pūngao pūreirei, ngongo me te tuku.Ko te whakatau i te aukati abrasion o te paninga he taputapu mau.I roto i te tetahi kawenga, te wira rapa paninga i muri i te maha kua whakaritea o hurihanga o huri, paninga mate taimaha whakaritea i roto i karamu.