Hunhu hunodiwa kune kabhoni simbi mapaipi:

1. Kuumbwa kwemakemikari

Zvinodiwa zvinoiswa mberi kune izvo zvinokuvadza zvemakemikari zvinhu Se, Sn, Sb, Bi, Pb uye gasi N, H, O, etc. Kuti uvandudze kufanana kwemakemikari musimbi uye kuchena kwesimbi, kuderedza iyo isiri-metallic inclusions mu tube billet uye kuvandudza mamiriro ayo ekugovera, simbi yakanyungudutswa inowanzocheneswa nekuchenesa michina kunze kwechoto, uye kunyange tube billet inogadziriswa uye inonatswa nechoto che electroslag.

2. Dimensional kururama uye chimiro

Iyo geometric mutongi nzira yekabhoni simbi pombi dzinofanirwa kusanganisira dhayamita yepombi yesimbi: ukobvu hwemadziro, ellipality, kureba, curvature, kurerekera kwekupedzisira kwepombi, bevel angle uye blunt edge, muchinjika-chikamu saizi yesimbi yakasarudzika. pombi, nezvimwewo.

3. Unhu hwepamusoro
Iyo chiyero inotsanangura zvinodikanwa zve "pamusoro pekupedzisira" yekabhoni simbi isina musono pombi.Kukanganisika kwakajairika kunosanganisira: kutsemuka, mitsetse yebvudzi, mukati mukati, kupeta kwekunze, kupwanya, kutwasanuka kwemukati, kutwasanuka kwekunze, kupatsanurwa zvidimbu, mavanga, makomba, convex hulls, hemp pits (mapimples), kukwenya (kukwenya), mukati ma spirals, ekunze spirals, green. mitsetse, concave correction, roller printing, etc. Pakati pazvo, kutsemuka, kupeta kwemukati, kupeta kwekunze, kupwanya, delamination, scarring, magomba, convex hulls, etc. zvirema zvine ngozi, uye makomba maburi, mitsetse yeblue, makwara, mukati zvishoma uye. mitsara yekunze yakatwasuka, mitsetse midiki yemukati nekunze, magadzirirwo akakombama, uye mamakisi epombi dzesimbi zvikanganiso zvakajairika.

4. Muviri uye makemikari zvinhu
Kusanganisira zvemagetsi zvivakwa patembiricha yekamuri uye pane imwe tembiricha (simba rekupisa uye yakaderera tembiricha zvivakwa) uye corrosion kuramba (senge oxidation kuramba,
Kupokana nemvura, asidhi uye alkali kuramba, nezvimwewo) kazhinji zvinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwemakemikari, microstructure uye kuchena kwesimbi, pamwe chete nenzira yekupisa yesimbi.Mune zvimwe zviitiko, tembiricha inotenderedza uye dhigirii ye deformation yepombi yesimbi ichakanganisawo kushanda kwepombi yesimbi.

5. Maitiro ekuita
Kusanganisira flaring, flattening, hemming, kukotama, kudhirowa mhete uye welding zvimiro zvepombi dzesimbi.

6. Metallographic chimiro
Kusanganisira yakaderera-magnification chimiro uye yakakwirira-magnification chimiro chesimbi pombi.

7. Zvinodiwa zvakakosha
Zvinodiwa kupfuura zviyero zvakasimudzwa nevashandisi pavanenge vachishandisa mapaipi esimbi.