Ipayipi elinomugqakusukela ku-lining yangaphakathi ungqimba wokugqoka, ungqimba oluvikelayo, udonga lwensimbi.Njengamanje inethiwekhi yamapayipi afakwe kulayini ukuze kusetshenziswe amagobolondo amaningi anemigqa emibili, awekho amagobolondo ensimbi nolayini oluphindwe kabili oluqiniswe yifayibha, awekho anezikhala ezinezinhlangothi ezine ezinezinhlangothi ezine zolayini obuqiniswe ngefayibha yensimbi nezinye izinhlobo.Ngoba ngemva kokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwengcindezi yepayipi, ukuqina kwaba nomthelela omkhulu.

Ingcindezi evela epayipini, ingcindezi ye-hoop yesisindo kanye nomthwalo wangaphandle okhiqizwe i-axial stress (ukucindezeleka okuhle ngokuhlangene) kanye ne-shear stress force yangaphandle kanye nezimo zokulinganisa isikhashana kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo.Ukuguqulwa kwengcindezi okweqile okudalwa ukwanda okungakhawulelwe (okungukuthi, akukho ukuzibekela umkhawulo), okuholela ekulimaleni.Lesi simo sokucindezeleka singesokucindezeleka kolwelwesi.Ukugoba ukucindezeleka okubangelwa isisindo kanye nomthwalo wangaphandle kuwukucindezeleka okugobayo.Ukugoba ukucindezeleka esigabeni samapayipi kuwukusabalalisa komugqa oqondile.Ingcindezi eseceleni ye-cross-sectional tensile, ingcindezi ecindezelayo kanye nolunye uhlangothi, i-eksisi emaphakathi phakathi nendawo yengcindezi inguziro.Lapho udonga lwamapayipi luqala ukungena ekukhiqizeni, eduze kwe-axis engathathi hlangothi kusesesimweni sokunwebeka.Ngakho ungaqhubeka ukuthwala umthwalo, futhi ukucindezeleka redistribution.Lokhu kucindezeleka kungasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlaziywe umqondo womthwalo wokugcina, okuvumela isimo esiphakeme kunamanani okucindezeleka avunyelwe ifilimu yokugcina.Ngokujwayelekile ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, izinhlinzeko azikwazi ukudlula ukucindezelwa kwamapayipi kanye nengcindezi evumelekile.Inani lengcindezi elingaphansi noma elilingana nengcindezi yokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa elivumelekile, ipayipi lingasebenza ngokuphepha.

Ngenxa yesisindo sokwenyuka kolayini bamapayipi, okuholela ekutheni amapayipi okucindezela umthwalo wangaphandle aqhubeke ehluke kakhulu ngaphambi nangemuva kolayini, ngakho-ke, kudingeka kubhekwe.Ezingcindezini eziqhubekayo zomthwalo wangaphandle, ukugoba kwesisindo kubangele umthelela omkhulu ekucindezelweni kwamapayipi.Ekwakhiweni kokushisa kwamapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu, ukwakheka kodonga olubandayo ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezishisayo zokufakwa kwamapayipi ukwenza ukushisa odongeni lwamapayipi kude ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-medium.Amazinga okucindezeleka okushisayo kwamapayipi ngenxa yokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa ehle kakhulu ngemva kokuba ulayini ngokuya ngezici zamandla zento esetshenziswayo yolwelwesi lukakhonkolo ikhombisa amandla ayo aphansi okuqinile, amandla okucindezela amakhulu.Ukwandiswa okushisayo kokucindezeleka kwepayipi le-liner kwabelwana ngepayipi kanye nezinto ze-liner ekucindezelekeni kokwandisa okushisayo ukucindezeleka okuqinile, amandla aqinile ngenxa yezinto ezimbi zokugqoka, ukucindezeleka okushisayo kwamashubhu ensimbi umphumela omncane.Lapho ukucindezeleka okwandayo okushisayo kuwukucindezeleka okucindezelayo, amandla acindezelayo wempahla ye-liner angcono ngenxa yokucindezeleka okucindezelayo ikakhulukazi kwakhiwe ibhalansi yempahla ye-lining, ukucindezeleka okushisayo kwensimbi nomthelela omkhulu.