Paipu hale:

He paipu kila maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ʻo structural tube.He kūpono ia no nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe no nā hale maʻamau a me nā hana mechanical.ʻO ke kila kalapona ka mea maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: ke kila kila kila maʻamau a me ke kila kila kila kiʻekiʻe.Nui nā hoʻohana a me ka nui o ka hoʻohana.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ala kaʻa, nā alahaka, a me nā papahana hana like ʻole e hana i nā ʻāpana metala like ʻole e halihali ana i nā ukana static, a me nā ʻāpana mechanical pono ʻole i koi ʻole i ka mālama wela a me nā welded maʻamau.
He mau paipu kila i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale like ʻole no ka mea ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou e kūkulu i nā hale like ʻole e pono ai ke hoʻokō i kekahi mau waiwai.
1. Pono e maikaʻi ka hiki ke hoʻoikaika, a ʻaʻole hiki ke haʻihaʻi, inā ʻaʻole, i ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi ulia, e hoʻopilikia ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana o ka papahana holoʻokoʻa.
2. Maʻalahi e kūkulu.Pono e kūkulu ʻia e like me ke kūlana maʻamau, a hiki ke hoʻopau koke ʻia.
3. Paʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka papahana, ʻaʻole ia e pōʻino a paʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Paipu wai:
He kūpono ka maʻamau o ka paipu wai no nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole no ka lawe ʻana i nā wai.ʻO nā paipu liʻiliʻi wai he mau paipu kila i hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā wai like ʻole a me nā kinoea e like me ka aila, ke kinoea maoli, ke kinoea maoli a me ka wai.No ka mea ua hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana, loaʻa i nā pipeline wai ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona.

1. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka ea maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe leakage i ʻae ʻia i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana, i ʻole e kahe ke kinoea, a e pōʻino nā hopena.
2. Kāohi i ka ʻino, no ka mea he nui nā mea i lawe ʻia he corrosive, inā hiki ke ʻino, e hoʻopilikia ʻia ka papahana holoʻokoʻa.
3. ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka paipu ke koi nui nei, a pono e hoʻokō i nā koi ma mua o ka hiki ke hana i kahi paipu wai.

ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻole hiki ke kaʻana like.Pono nā paipu i kūkulu ʻia i ka hiki ke hoʻoemi maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo nā paipu wai e pono ai ka hana sila maikaʻi.No laila, ʻokoʻa loa ka hoʻohana ʻana o ia mau mea ʻelua.E ho'āʻo e hoʻohana i ka wahi hewa.

ʻO ka lua, he kiʻekiʻe nā koi o nā paipu hoʻolālā i ke kumukūʻai, inā ʻaʻole i kūpono kekahi mau paipu kila i ke kūlana ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a i ʻole ke kaomi ʻana i ke kaomi, a ua maʻalahi ka pōʻino.Inā lawe ʻia ka wai a me ka meaʻai e nā paipu wai, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā koi maʻemaʻe.Hiki ke kaʻana like ma lalo o nā kūlana kūikawā, a ua like kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona, ʻoiai ʻaʻole paʻakikī nā koi o ke kaiapuni, hiki ke kaʻana like.