Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu ezingenamthungo kwimveliso kunye nobomi buba banzi kwaye buba banzi.Ukuphuhliswa kweetyhubhu ezingenamthungo kwiminyaka yakutshanje kubonise umkhwa omhle.Ukwenziwa kweetyhubhu ezingenamthungo, kukuqinisekisa ukusetyenzwa komgangatho ophezulu kunye nemveliso.I-HSCO iphinde yamkelwe Abavelisi abaninzi baye bancoma, kwaye ndiya kukunika izingeniso ezimfutshane malunga nenkqubo yokuvelisa iibhubhu ezingenamthungo apha, ukuze wonke umntu aqonde.

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweetyhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo yahlulwe kakhulu yangamanyathelo amabini amakhulu:

1. Ukuqengqeleka okushushu (ityhubhu yentsimbi ekhutshiweyo engenamthungo): ityhubhu engqukuva yebillet → ukufudumeza → ukugqobhoza → ukuqengqeleka okuqengqelekayo okuthathu, ukuqengqeleka okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhutshwa → ukuhluba → ukwenza ubungakanani (okanye ukunciphisa) → ukupholisa → ukulungisa → uvavanyo lwehydraulic (okanye ukubhaqa isiphene) → ukuphawula → ugcino

Izinto eziluhlaza zokugubungela umbhobho ongenamthungo yi-tube billet ejikelezayo, kwaye i-embryo ye-tube ejikelezayo kufuneka inqunywe ngomatshini wokusika ukukhulisa iibhilethi ezinobude obumalunga nemitha eyi-1, kwaye ihanjiswe kwisithando somlilo ngebhanti yokuhambisa.I-billet yondliwa kwiziko ukutshisa, iqondo lobushushu limalunga ne-1200 degrees Celsius.I-fuel i-hydrogen okanye i-acetylene, kwaye ulawulo lobushushu kwisithando somlilo ngumba obalulekileyo.

Emva kokuba i-tube billet ejikelezayo iphumile kwisithando somlilo, kufuneka ihlatywe nge-piercer pressure piercer.Ngokubanzi, oyena mgqobhozi uxhaphakileyo ngumgqobhozo we-cone roll.Olu hlobo lokugqobhoza lunemveliso ephezulu, umgangatho olungileyo wemveliso, ukwandiswa kwedayamitha ye-perforation enkulu, kwaye unokunxiba iindidi zentsimbi.Emva kokubhoboza, i-tube billet ejikelezayo inqunyulwa ngokulandelelana, iqhubekile okanye ikhutshwe yimiqulu emithathu.Eli linyathelo lokubumba umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo, ngoko kufuneka kwenziwe ngokucophelela.Emva kwe-extrusion, kuyimfuneko ukukhupha ityhubhu kunye nokulinganisa.Ubukhulu ngesantya esiphezulu se-rotary cone gqobhoza imingxuma kwibillet ukwenza ityhubhu.Ububanzi obungaphakathi bombhobho wensimbi buchongwa ngobude bobubanzi bangaphandle be-drill bit yomatshini wokulinganisa.Emva kokuba umbhobho wensimbi ulinganisiwe, ungena kwinqaba yokupholisa kwaye upholiswe ngokutshiza amanzi.Emva kokuba umbhobho wensimbi upholile, uya kulungiswa.Emva kokulungiswa, umbhobho wensimbi uthunyelwa kwi-metal flaw detector (okanye uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic) ngebhanti yokuhambisa ukukhangela impazamo yangaphakathi.Emva kokusebenza, ukuba kukho ukuqhekeka, iibhubhu kunye nezinye iingxaki ngaphakathi kombhobho wensimbi, ziya kufunyanwa.

Emva kokuhlolwa komgangatho wemibhobho yentsimbi, ukhetho olungqongqo lwencwadi luyafuneka.Emva kokuhlolwa komgangatho wombhobho wensimbi, penda inombolo ye-serial, inkcazo, inombolo yebhetshi yokuvelisa, njl.Kwaye yakhweliswa kwindawo yokugcina impahla ngecrane.Qinisekisa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wombhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yeenkcukacha.

2. Ityhubhu yentsimbi ebandayo ezotyiweyo (eqengqiwe): ityhubhu engqukuva blank→ukufudumeza→ukugqobhoza→isihloko→uchoko→ukuchola→ukufakwa ioli (icwecwe lobhedu)→umzobo obandayo ohamba ngeendlela ezininzi (ukuqengqeleka okubandayo)→umbhobho ongenanto→unyango lobushushu→ukuqondisa →ihydrostatic uvavanyo (ukubona iziphene) → ukuphawula → ugcino.

Phakathi kwabo, indlela yokuqengqeleka yokubanda (iqengqelekisiwe) ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo inzima ngakumbi kunoqengqeleko olushushu (ityhubhu yentsimbi engenamthungo).Amanyathelo amathathu okuqala enkqubo yawo yokuvelisa ayafana.Ngoko ke, kulula ukusebenza.Umahluko kukuba ukuqala kwisinyathelo sesine, emva kokuba i-tube ejikelezayo ingenanto, idinga ukuba iqhutywe kwaye ifakwe.Emva kwe-annealing, sebenzisa i-asidi ekhethekileyo yolwelo lokukhetha.Emva kokukhetha, sebenzisa ioli.Emva koko ilandelwa ngumzobo obandayo we-multi-pass (i-cold rolling) kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo lobushushu.Emva kokunyanga kobushushu, kuya kulungiswa.Emva kokulungiswa, umbhobho wensimbi uthunyelwa kwi-metal flaw detector (okanye uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic) ngebhanti yokuhambisa ukukhangela impazamo yangaphakathi.Ukuba kukho ukuqhekeka, iibhubhu kunye nezinye iingxaki ngaphakathi kombhobho wensimbi, ziya kufunyanwa.

Emva kokuba ezi nkqubo zigqityiwe, iipayipi zetsimbi kufuneka zigqithise ukhetho olungqongqo lwencwadi emva kokuhlolwa komgangatho.Emva kokuhlolwa komgangatho wombhobho wensimbi, penda inombolo ye-serial, inkcazo, inombolo yebhetshi yokuvelisa, njl.Emva kokuba yonke le misebenzi yenziwe, baya kuphakanyiswa kwindawo yokugcina impahla ngekhreyini.

Iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezifakwe kwindawo yokugcina kufuneka kwakhona zigcinwe ngononophelo kwaye zigcinwe ngokwenzululwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iityhubhu zentsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezingenamthungo ziyawushiya umzi-mveliso xa zithengiswa.