Amandla esivuno yingcamango ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yobuchwephesha bombhobho ongenamthungo.Ixabiso loxinzelelo lombhobho wensimbi engenamthungo xa imveliso ye-ductile ivelisa.Xa umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo uya kuguqulwa phantsi kwesenzo samandla, i-deformation ngeli xesha inokwahlulwa ibe ziindlela ezimbini: i-plastic deformation kunye ne-elastic deformation.

1. I-deformation yeplastiki ayiyi kunyamalala xa amandla angaphandle enyamalala, kwaye umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo uya kuba ne-deformation esisigxina.
2. I-Elastic deformation ithetha ukuba phantsi kweemeko zamandla angaphandle, xa amandla angaphandle enyamalala, i-deformation iya kuphinda iphele.

Amandla okuvelisa kwakhona ixabiso loxinzelelo lombhobho ongenamthungo xa iqala ukungena kwi-deformation yeplastiki, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-brittle material ayibonakali i-deformation yeplastiki ecacileyo xa isoluliwe ngamandla angaphandle, kuphela i-ductile material enamandla okuvelisa.

Apha, amandla esivuno sombhobho ongenamthungo esibhekisa kuwo ngumda wesivuno xa ukuvunwa kwenzeka, kunye noxinzelelo oluchasene ne-micro-plastiki deformation.Xa amandla amakhulu kunomda, inxalenye iya kusilela ngokusisigxina kwaye ayinakufunyanwa kwakhona.

Izinto zangaphandle ezichaphazela amandla esivuno semibhobho engenamthungo zezi: ubushushu, izinga loxinzelelo, kunye nemeko yoxinzelelo.Njengoko iqondo lobushushu liyancipha kwaye izinga loxinzelelo linyuka, amandla esivuno sombhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo nawo ayanda, ngakumbi xa i-cubic metal egxilwe ngumzimba ivakalelwa kubushushu kunye nesantya soxinzelelo, okuya kubangela ukufudumala okuphantsi kwentsimbi.Impembelelo kwimeko yoxinzelelo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.Nangona amandla esivuno sisalathiso esiyimfuneko esibonisa ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kwezinto ezenziweyo, amandla emveliso ahlukile ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo.
Imiba yangaphakathi echaphazela amandla esivuno zezi: ibhondi, umbutho, ulwakhiwo, kunye nendalo yeatom.Ukuba sithelekisa amandla emveliso yentsimbi yombhobho engenamthungo kunye ne-ceramics kunye nezixhobo zepolymer, sinokubona kuyo ukuba impembelelo yeebhondi zokubopha yingxaki ebalulekileyo.