Uma ufuna ipayipi lensimbi okokuqala, kungaba imboni yokukhipha usawoti emanzini, indawo yokugaya uwoyela, noma isikhungo samandla enuzi, umbuzo wokuqala okudingeka uzibuze wona ukuthi “ingabe ngidinga “amapayipi” angenamthungo, ashiselwe, noma afojiwe? Lezi zintathu Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo ezihlukene ngakho-ke lufanele izinhlelo zokusebenza nezimo ezihlukahlukene. Kunezici eziningana okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa okulungile kuphrojekthi ethile.

Onjiniyela cishe bazokwazi impendulo yalo mbuzo ngokunembile, kodwa ake sithathe isikhashana sihlole lawa mapayipi angenamthungo, amapayipi ashiselwe namapayipi afojiwe kanye nezakhiwo zawo ezihlukahlukene.

1. Ipayipi elingenamthungo

Ake siqale ngepayipi elingenamthungo. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, ipayipi elingenamthungo liyipayipi elingenayo i-seams noma ama-welds.

Ukukhiqiza nokusebenzisa:

Amashubhu angenamthungo angenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezehlukene, ikakhulukazi kuye ngokuthi ububanzi obufunekayo, noma isilinganiso sobubanzi obugqinsi bodonga. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokukhiqiza amapayipi angenamthungo iqala ngokujikijela insimbi eluhlaza ibe yifomu elisebenziseka kalula—ibhilethi eqinile eshisayo. Bese welula bese uyiphusha noma uyidonsele phezu kwefomu. Leli shubhu elingenalutho bese lihamba ngenqubo ye-extrusion lapho liphoqelelwa khona nge-die kanye ne-mandrel. Lokhu kusiza ukwandisa ububanzi obungaphakathi nokunciphisa ububanzi obungaphandle.

Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha uketshezi olunjengamanzi, igesi yemvelo, imfucuza nomoya. Ibuye ifuneke njalo ezindaweni eziningi ezinomfutho ophezulu, izindawo ezigqwala kakhulu ezifana nowoyela negesi, ukukhiqiza amandla kanye nezimboni zemithi.

Inzuzo:

Amandla aphezulu: Ipayipi elingenamthungo linenzuzo esobala yokungabikho kwemithungo, ngakho-ke ngeke kube khona ama-seams abuthakathaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuvamile, ipayipi elingenamthungo lingakwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi zokusebenza eziphakeme ngo-20% kunepayipi elishiselwe lebanga nosayizi ofanayo.
Ukumelana Okuphezulu: Ukungabikho kwemithungo kusho ukuthi amapayipi angenamthungo anganikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, njengoba izinkinga ezinjengokungcola kanye nokukhubazeka kungenzeka zenzeke lapho kushiselwa khona.

Ukuhlola okuncane: Akusho ukuthi, ishubhu engenamthungo ayidingi ukuhlolwa ubuqotho be-weld - akukho weld kusho ukuthi akukho ukuhlolwa!

2. Ipayipi elishiselwe

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamapayipi ashiselwe: i-welding yangaphandle yobubanzi, i-diameter engaphakathi noma i-welding kabili emaceleni. Isici esivamile ukuthi zonke zinemithungo!

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi elishiselwe iqala ngokugingqa ikhoyili yensimbi ibe ugqinsi olufunekayo ukuze kwakheke umucu oyisicaba noma ipuleti. Ibe isigoqwa futhi imithungo yeshubhu ewumphumela ishiselwe endaweni engathathi hlangothi ngamakhemikhali.

Ngokuphathelene nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zensimbi ezishiselayo, izinsimbi ze-austenitic ngokuvamile yizona ezishisela kakhulu, kuyilapho izinsimbi ze-ferritic zishisela izingxenye ezincane. Ama-Duplex steels manje abhekwa njenge-welldable ngokugcwele, kodwa adinga ukunakwa okungaphezulu kunezinsimbi ze-austenitic.

Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amapayipi ashiselwe kubhekwa njengobethuthuke kakhulu kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Ngokungangabazeki ukuthuthukiswa okubaluleke kakhulu kwakuwukuthuthukiswa kwamasu okushisela kusetshenziswa imisinga ephezulu yefrikhwensi. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhono lepayipi elishiselwe ukugwema ukugqwala nokwehluleka kwamalunga.

Nakuba ama-seams kumapayipi ashiselwe alungile ngokomqondo ukuze alenze libe buthaka, izindlela zokukhiqiza nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ziphakeme kakhulu namuhla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa elishiwo kanye nokubekezelela ingcindezi yamapayipi ashiselwe kungeqiwa, asikho isizathu sokuthi kungani kungafanele asebenze kahle njengamapayipi angenamthungo ezimbonini eziningi.

Izindleko: Enye yezinzuzo ezinhle zamapayipi ashiselwe ukuthi ashibhe kunazo zonke izinhlobo zamapayipi futhi atholakala kalula.
Ukungaguquguquki: Kuyavunywa ukuthi ipayipi elishiselwe lilingana kakhulu ngogqinsi lwezindonga kunepayipi elingenamthungo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza iqala ngeshidi elilodwa lensimbi.
Ikhwalithi Yomphezulu: Ukugwema inqubo yokukhishwa futhi kusho ukuthi ingaphezulu lamapayipi ashiselwe nawo angaba bushelelezi kunamapayipi angenamthungo.
Isivinini: Ipayipi elishiselwe lidinga izikhathi ezimfushane zokuhola zokuthenga ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza elula.

3. Ipayipi elifojiwe

Ukubumba kwensimbi kuyinqubo yokwenza insimbi esebenzisa amandla acindezelayo nokushisa okudlulele kanye nokucindezela ukuze kubunjwe insimbi.

Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi omgunyathi kuqala ngokubeka ucezu lwensimbi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi u-6% we-molybdenum, i-super duplex, i-duplex, insimbi engagqwali, i-nickel alloy) phakathi kwamafa angaphezulu nangaphansi. Insimbi yakhiwa ukushisa nokucindezela ibe sesimweni esifiselekayo bese iqedwa ngenqubo yokwenza imishini ukuze ihlangabezane nazo zonke izincazelo ezidingekayo.

Le nqubo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi iholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zeshubhu elibunjiwe.

Izinzuzo eziningi ze-tube engumgunyathi zisho ukuthi inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezihlukene emikhakheni ehlukene efana nowoyela negesi, imishini ye-hydraulic, ukukhulelwa kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali. Iqiniso lokuthi insimbi efojiwe ayinazo imithungo noma izinto zokushisela iyivumela ukuthi iqukathe ngempumelelo izinto ezingaba yingozi noma ezonakalisayo kanye nentuthu yazo. Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi ezinzima.

Amandla Aphezulu: Amapayipi akhiwe ngokuvamile akhiqiza umkhiqizo wokugcina oqinile futhi onokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngoba ukubumba kubangela ukugeleza okusanhlamvu kwensimbi ukuthi kushintshe futhi kuhambisane. Ngamanye amazwi, insimbi iye yaba ngcono futhi isakhiwo sepayipi sishintshile kakhulu, okuholela ekubeni namandla kanye nokumelana nomthelela omkhulu.
Ukuphila Okude: Ukuqamba kuqeda ukushuba okungaba khona, ukushwabana, izimbotshana kanye nezindaba ezibandayo zokuthela.
Ezomnotho: Inqubo yokubumba ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengeyonga kakhulu njengoba kungekho mpahla emoshwayo.
Ukuvumelana nezimo: Inqubo yokubumba insimbi iguquguquka kakhulu futhi ingakhiqiza amashubhu ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.