Iipayipi lensimbiivame kakhulu kwezobunjiniyela basolwandle.Izinhlelo ezimbili zobunjiniyela bemikhumbi nezolwandle zifuna cishe ezinhlotsheni ezintathu zamapayipi ensimbi: ipayipi lensimbi ohlelweni oluvamile, elakhiwe ngamapayipi ensimbi kanye nezinjongo ezikhethekile zamapayipi ensimbi.

ipayipi lensimbi ohlelweni oluvamile.
Ubunjiniyela bemikhumbi nolwandle obuhlukile, zombili izinhlelo ezijwayelekile zinesistimu ezinikele.
Impilo yesevisi yomkhumbi yeminyaka engama-20.Iningi lesistimu evamile, amanzi e-bilge, i-ballast, i-dewater indle, umoya, isilinganiso, umjovo, amanzi asekhaya, umlilo, ukukhumula uwoyela wezimpahla, okuphefumulayo, igesi engasebenzi, ukufudumeza, ukuwasha, isifafazi sokucisha igwebu, umhwamuko, i-telemetry yezinga le-liquid, isilawuli kude se-valve. amasistimu okulawula, imikhumbi ekhethekile ihlanganisa nohlelo oluzinikele lokuthuthwa kwe-liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), i-liquefied natural gas (LNG).Impilo yesevisi yobunjiniyela basolwandle engafika eminyakeni engama-30, noma nangaphezulu.Ubunjiniyela basolwandle ngaphezu kwesistimu evamile, izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokumba imishini, uwoyela ongahluziwe / i-LPG / LNG yokucubungula uhlelo lokuhamba komsebenzi, uhlelo olukhethekile lwe-mooring, uhlelo lwe-flare, njalonjalo.Kuye kwaba izibalo, umkhumbi ipayipi ukusetshenziswa minyaka yonke amathani ayizigidi ezingu-450, mayelana 440,000, amazinga ayo GB, YB, CB, 70% of the uxhumano steel ipayipi.Amapayipi kawoyela ongahluziwe angamathani angama-30 kuphela ngenani elingafika amashumi amakhilomitha, ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lensimbi kuphela (kuhlanganise), kukhona cishe amathani ayi-1,500, yiqiniso, inani lamathani angama-40,000 ngokuhlobene nesakhiwo sesikebhe noma esilinganiselwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangelwa umkhumbi ofanayo, ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi, kanye neminye imikhumbi eminingi, ngakho-ke umthamo ohlanganisiwe nawo uningi.Futhi inombolo yezinga lamathani angu-300,000 wepayipi elikhulu le-FPSO elingaphezu kuka-30,000, elingaphezu kuka-90 km ubude, okuyizinga lamathani afanayo izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3.Ngakho-ke, imboni yokwakha umkhumbi isiphenduke umsebenzisi omkhulu wemakethe yamapayipi ensimbi.

Ipayipi lensimbi esakhiweni
Izicelo zobunjiniyela bamashubhu ensimbi, ngaphezu kwesistimu evamile engenhla enesistimu ezinikele, abaningi bakhe inani elikhulu lamapayipi ensimbi, njengebhantshi, inqwaba yensimbi engaphansi kwamanzi, i-Casing, i-moring bracket, isiteji sendiza enophephela emhlane, umbhoshongo wethoshi.Uhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi, ukucaciswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ezinobubanzi obufanayo, abanciphisa, ukushuba okuhlukile kodonga, kanye nenani elikhulu lama-node aphethwe yi-Y, K, T.Okufana nebhantshi, izinqwaba zensimbi, umkhono ongangeneki kahle, ubukhulu becala osayizi bamapayipi ensimbi amakhulu, ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi egoqiwe.Izinto zabo ze-E36-Z35, D36-Z35, E36, D36.Izindinganiso ezinjalo zamapayipi ensimbi azinayo i-YB, CB, futhi ikakhulukazi i-GB712-2000.Ukukhiqizwa kwesakhiwo sepayipi lensimbi umkhuba wokukhiqiza amapayipi ensimbi SY/T10002-2000 othuthukiswe yiKhomishana Yamazinga Nobuchwepheshe Bemboni ye-Petroleum (CPSC).Njengoba i-China ingenawo amabhizinisi akhethekile, ngokuvamile ukuthengwa kwepuleti lensimbi kusuka kumayunithi wokwakha, inqubo yokuzibumba.

Ipayipi lensimbi ngenjongo ekhethekile
Inhloso ekhethekile yensimbi yepayipi yensimbi ekhethekile esetshenziswa endaweni ethile yokusebenza kanye nendawo yokusebenza.Ipayipi elingaphansi kolwandle liyipayipi lensimbi elikhethekile, isidingo samandla amakhulu, amandla aphezulu, ukubekezelela okuncane, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle.Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi kusaqala, ngoba izinto zokushisela, ukumelana nokugqwala noma Imininingwane engaphansi (ububanzi nokuqina kodonga), kuyabiza, njll. Uwoyela ongahluziwe waseChina udinga ukuthuthwa kwe-insulation.Okwedlule, kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwamapayipi okuphindwe kabili, kuphephile futhi kuthembekile.Kodwa njengoba ipayipi elivikelayo ipayipi lensimbi kunonga kakhulu, futhi ipayipi offshore laying edlule, kufanele afeze ngaphakathi nangaphandle ipayipi welding, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwepayipi laying, ukuze kubangele ukufakwa kwezindleko ukwanda exponentially.Ngekhulu lama-21, seyethule ipayipi lensimbi elinesindo eliqinile.Ukwakheka kwayo (kusuka ngaphakathi kuya ngaphandle): ungqimba lwensimbi olunqanda ukugqwala, i-epoxy powder (FBE), ukufakwa kwe-polyurethane, ishubhu lejakhethi le-polyethylene (PE), ungqimba oluqinile lwe-counterweight lukakhonkolo (ukumiswa kwangaphakathi kwe-mesh yensimbi).Lolu hlobo lwensimbi ekhethekile, i-China ingenise kusuka phesheya, njenge-Bohai Penglai 19-3 insimu kawoyela, iphrojekthi esebenzisa imikhiqizo yenkampani yaseMalaysia BREDEROPRICE.I-China ngemva kocwaningo nokuhlola, futhi ngo-2002 eyakhiwa e-Tanggu, ukhonkolo wokuqala waseShayina onomugqa wokukhiqiza wamapayipi ensimbi esindayo, unezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha zamapayipi emikhiqizo yase-offshore oilfield.Kubikwa ukuthi, ukusebenzisa le nsimbi ngekhilomitha ngepayipi elingaphansi kolwandle ukwehlisa izindleko eziyizigidi ezingama-50 kuya kweziyi-100, futhi kunciphise kakhulu izindleko zokuthuthukiswa kwendawo kawoyela engasogwini, ukuze inani lezindawo zikawoyela eziseceleni zibe nezindleko zokuthuthukiswa.