Yana iya zama a bayyane cewa sanin abin da za a yi amfani da shi zai iya taimakawa wajen guje wa kashewa fiye da wajibi akan kayan da aka dace.Hakanan zai iya adana lokaci da kuɗi akan ƙarin sarrafawa.A wasu kalmomi, fahimtar bambance-bambance tsakanin karfe mai zafi da sanyi zai taimaka wa masu zanen kaya da injiniyoyi su sami sakamako mafi kyau-kuma a mafi kyawun farashi mai yiwuwa.

Babban bambanci tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan nau'ikan karfe guda biyu shine ɗayan tsari.Kamar yadda kuke tsammani,"zafi mirgina”yana nufin sarrafawa da aka yi da zafi."Sanyi mirgina”yana nufin tafiyar matakai da ake yi a ko kusa da zafin ɗaki.Ko da yake waɗannan fasahohin suna shafar aikin gabaɗayan aiki da aikace-aikacen, bai kamata a rikita su da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodi da ƙimar ƙarfe ba, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙirar ƙarfe da ƙimar aiki.Karfe na maki daban-daban da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa na iya zama mai birgima mai zafi ko sanyi-ciki har da asali carbon da sauran gami karfe.

Hot Rolled Karfe

An nannade karfe mai zafi a yanayin zafi mai zafi (sama da 1,700˚F), wanda ke sama da yanayin sake-crystallization don yawancin karafa.Wannan yana sa ƙarfe ya fi sauƙi don ƙirƙirar, kuma yana haifar da samfurori masu sauƙin aiki da su.

Don sarrafa karfen birgima mai zafi, masana'antun suna farawa da babban billet ɗin rectangular.Billet ɗin ya yi zafi kuma a aika don aiwatarwa, inda aka baje shi cikin babban nadi.Daga nan, ana ajiye shi a yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma ana gudanar da karfen mai haske mai walƙiya ta hanyar juzu'i na matsawa don cimma girmansa.Don karfen takarda, masana'antun suna jujjuya karfen da aka yi birgima cikin coils kuma su bar shi ya yi sanyi.Don wasu nau'ikan, kamar sanduna da faranti, an raba kayan kuma an tattara su.

Karfe yana raguwa kaɗan yayin da yake sanyi.Saboda zafi na birgima yana sanyaya bayan sarrafawa, akwai ƙarancin iko akan sifarsa ta ƙarshe, yana sa ya zama ƙasa da dacewa da ainihin aikace-aikacen.Ana amfani da ƙarfe mai zafi mai zafi lokacin da ke da ƙayyadaddun ƙima na minti kaɗan't mahimmanci-a cikin hanyoyin jirgin kasa da ayyukan gine-gine, alal misali.

Ana iya gano ƙarfe mai zafi sau da yawa ta halaye masu zuwa:

•Filaye masu ƙima, ragowar sanyi daga matsanancin yanayin zafi.

•Gefuna masu zagaye kaɗan da sasanninta don samfuran sanduna da faranti (saboda raguwa da ƙarancin kammalawa).

•Ɗauki kaɗan, inda sanyaya na iya barin sifofin trapezoidal fiye da daidaitattun kusurwoyi.

Ƙarfe mai zafi yana buƙatar ƙarancin sarrafawa fiye da na'ura mai sanyi, wanda ya sa ya yi tsada sosai.Hot birgima karfe kuma a yarda ya yi sanyi a dakin da zafin jiki, don haka shi's ainihin al'ada, ma'ana shi'ba tare da damuwa na ciki wanda zai iya tasowa a lokacin quenching ko matakan aiki.

Hot birgima karfe ne manufa inda girma tolerances ne't yana da mahimmanci kamar ƙarfin kayan gabaɗaya, kuma inda ƙarewar ƙasa ba ta kasance ba'ta key damuwa.Idan ƙarewar saman yana da damuwa, ana iya cire sikelin ta hanyar niƙa, fashewar yashi, ko tsinkar acid-bath.Da zarar an cire sikelin, ana iya amfani da goge ko goge daban-daban.Ƙarfe mai lalacewa kuma yana ba da mafi kyawun wuri don zane-zane da sauran kayan shafa.

Cold Rolled Karfe

Ƙarfe mai sanyi shine ainihin ƙarfe mai zafi wanda ya wuce ta ƙarin sarrafawa.Don samun sanyi birgima, masana'antun gabaɗaya suna ɗaukar ƙarfe mai sanyaya-saukar da zafi mai birgima sannan su ƙara mirgine shi don samun ƙarin madaidaicin girma da kyawawan halaye.

Amma kalmar"birgima”galibi ana amfani da shi don bayyana kewayon hanyoyin gamawa kamar juyawa, niƙa, da goge goge, kowannensu yana canza haja mai zafi da aka yi birgima zuwa ƙarin ingantaccen samfura.A fasaha,"sanyi birgima”yana shafi kawai ga zanen gado waɗanda ke fuskantar matsawa tsakanin rollers.Amma siffofin kamar sanduna ko tubes ne"zana,”ba birgima ba.Don haka sanduna masu zafi da bututu, da zarar an sanyaya, ana sarrafa su zuwa abin da ake kira"sanyi ya gama”tubes da sanduna.

Ana iya gano ƙarfe mai sanyi sau da yawa ta halaye masu zuwa:

•Ƙarin saman da aka gama tare da mafi kusancin haƙuri.

•Filaye masu laushi waɗanda galibi suna da mai don taɓawa.

•Bars gaskiya ne kuma murabba'i, kuma galibi suna da ingantattun gefuna da sasanninta.

•Tubes suna da ingantacciyar daidaituwar daidaituwa da madaidaiciya.

Tare da mafi kyawun halaye fiye da ƙarfe mai birgima, shi's ba mamaki cewa sanyi birgima karfe ne sau da yawa amfani da mafi fasaha madaidaicin aikace-aikace ko inda aesthetics ke da muhimmanci.Amma, saboda ƙarin sarrafawa don samfuran da aka gama sanyi, sun zo a farashi mafi girma.

Dangane da halayensu na zahiri, aikin sanyi yana iya haifar da damuwa na ciki a cikin kayan.A wasu kalmomi, ƙirƙira sanyi ya yi aiki da karfe-ko ta hanyar yanka, nika, ko walda shi-zai iya sakin tashin hankali kuma ya haifar da rikice-rikice marasa tabbas.

Dangane da abin da kuke'Sake neman ginawa, nau'ikan kayan daban-daban kowanne yana da nasa amfanin da rashin amfani.Don ayyuka na musamman ko abubuwan samarwa guda ɗaya, kayan ƙarfe da aka riga aka keɓance na iya samar da tubalan ginin ga kowane tsarin tsarin da ake tsammani.

Don ayyukan da za ku kera raka'a da yawa, yin simintin gyare-gyare wani zaɓi ne wanda zai iya adana lokaci a cikin injina da haɗuwa.Za a iya yin sassan simintin gyare-gyare zuwa kusan kowane nau'i a cikin kewayon kayan inganci.